Researchers believe that they have found a link between a
lower risk of asthma and children’s early exposure to pets. The hypothesis is
that kids in animal environments breathe air that contains more bacterial
fragments…and that can be a good thing, as it may actually lower their risk of
asthma. Parents in busy animal-and-baby households understand that it’s nearly
impossible to keep everything clean all of the time and the study suggests that
this may be beneficial for the baby’s future health.
We already know that dog ownership comes with some
important health benefits. Dogs help reduce stress and stave off depression.
They even lower the risk of heart disease in their owners since generally dog
owners lead a more active and social lifestyle.
More than 230 million people worldwide have asthma, a
chronic inflammatory disease whose causes are unclear. Both genetics and
external allergens are suspected to play a role. In the United States, 8.5% of
children have asthma.
For this new research, Swedish scientists studied more than
one million
children, combing through individual records and comparing people’s
histories of family dog ownership against diagnosis of childhood asthma. Access
to this data was possible because Sweden tracks medical records of all of its
citizens through unique ID numbers, and the country also requires everyone to
register dog ownership. Data analyzed for the study covered a time period from
January 2007 through September 2012. The results of the research were published
in the journal JAMA on November 2.
Among the children in the study, those who had been exposed to dogs during
the first year of their life were 13% less likely to have asthma by age 6,
compared to kids who had no exposure. The research also showed that school-aged
kids who were exposed to farm animals in their first year of life were 52% less
likely to have developed asthma by age 6 than those with no exposure. Among the
preschool set of younger children, kids exposed to farm animals in their first
year had 31% lower incidents of asthma between 1-5 years old compared to
non-exposed toddlers.
Study author Tove Fall is an associate professor at Uppsala
University in Sweden. Dr. Fall told Live Science that the lower asthma rate
among children exposed to both dogs and farm animals might be due to a single
factor, but is more likely a combination of factors related to a dog owners’
lifestyle and attitudes such as the kids “early exposure to household dirt and
pet dust, time spent outdoors or being physically active.”
One positive takeaway message from the study is that
parents fearful of childhood asthma don’t need to worry about keeping their dog
or getting a puppy when they’re expecting a baby. This conclusion falls right
in line with other previous hygiene studies that say being exposed to bacteria
early in life can be critical for shaping a healthy and strong immune system.
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